Articles
All articles | Recent articles
Structure Features and Properties of Graphene/Al2O3 Composite
E. A. Klyatskina1, A. Borrell1, E. G. Grigoriev2, A. G. Zholnin2, M. D. Salvador1, V. V. Stolyarov2,3
1 Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
2 National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoye sh., 31, 115409 Moscow, Russia
3 Mechanical Engineering Research Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences 4, Maly Kharitonievsky line, 101990 Moscow, Russia
received January 24, 2018, received in revised form March 12, 2018, accepted March 19, 2018
Vol. 9, No. 3, Pages 215-224 DOI: 10.4416/JCST2018-00006
Abstract
Since its discovery, graphene has attracted worldwide attention in the scientific community owing to its unique combination of properties. Thus, graphene is an ideal second phase to improve the structure and properties of metal, ceramic and polymer composite materials. This work presents a comparative study of two types of alumina-graphene composites fabricated with two sizes of δ-Al2O3 powders, nanometer and submicrometer, reinforced by graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and consolidated with the spark plasma sintering technique. The microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties of Al2O3-GNPs composites are influenced by the grain size of the ceramic matrix. Hardness values improve notably. The maximum value reached was 27.4 GPa for a composite fabricated with nanometric alumina powders, which is about 27 % higher than that of the Al2O3 monolithic material. Also, the methodology of powder mixing has a fundamental importance in obtaining materials with high-level properties.
Download Full Article (PDF)
Keywords
Graphene, nanocomposite, wear behavior, mechanical properties, SPS
References
1 Novoselov, K.S., Geim, A.K., Morozov, S.V. et al.: Two-dimensional gas of massless dirac fermions in graphene, Nature, 438, 197 – 200, (2005).
2 Schwierz, F.: The rise and rise of graphene, Nature Nanotech., 5, 755, (2010).
3 Cheng, Z.G., Zhou, Q.Y., Wang, C.X. et al.: Toward intrinsic graphene surfaces: a systematic study on thermal annealing and wet-chemical treatment of SiO2-supported graphene devices, Nano Lett., 11, 767 – 771, (2011).
4 Seema, H., Kemp, K.C., Chandra, V., Kim, K.S.: Graphene-SnO2 composites for highly efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under sunlight, Nanotechnology, 7, 23, (2012) 355705. doi: 10.1088/0957 – 4484/23/35/355705.
5 Nieto, A., Bisht, A., Lahiri, D., Zhang, C., Agarwal, A.: Graphene reinforced metal and ceramic matrix composites: a review, J. Inter. Mat. Rev., 62, 241 – 302, (2017).
6 Markandan, K., Chin, J.K., Tan, M.T.T.: Recent progress in graphene based ceramic composites: A review, J. Mater. Res., 32, 84 – 106, (2017).
7 Stankovich, S. et al.: Graphene-based composite materials, Nature, 442, 282 – 284, (2006).
8 Soldano, C., Mahmood, A., Dujardin, E.: Production, properties, and potential of graphene, Carbon, 482, 127 – 215 (2010).
9 Balandin, A.A., Ghosh, S., Bao, W. et al.: Superior thermal conductivity of single-layer graphene, Nano. Lett., 3, 902 – 907, (2008).
10 Frank, I.W., Tanenbaum, D.M., Vander Zande, A.M., McEuen, P.L.: Mechanical properties of suspended graphene sheet, J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 6, 2558 – 2561, (2007).
11 Paddock, C.: Graphene shows anticancer potential, Medical News Today, (2015).
12 Walker, L.S., Moratto, V.R., Raifee, M.A., Koratkar, N., Korall, E.L.: Toughening in graphene ceramic composite, ASC Nano., 5, 3182 – 3190, (2011).
13 Centeno, A., Rocha, V.G., Alonso, B., Fernández, A. et al.: Graphene for tough and electroconductive alumina ceramics, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 33, 3201 – 3210, (2013).
14 Miranzo, P., Belmonte, M., Osendi, M.I.: From bulk to cellular structures: A review on ceramic/graphene filler composites, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 37, 3649 – 3672, (2017).
15 Kostecki, M., Grybczuk, M., Klimczyk, P. et al.: Structural and mechanical aspects of multilayer graphene addition in alumina matrix composites-validation of computer simulation model, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 36, 4171 – 4179, (2016).
16 Tubío, C.R., Rama, A., Gómez, M. et al.: 3D-printed graphene-Al2O3 composites with complex mesoscale architecture, Ceram. Int., 44, 5760 – 5767, (2018).
17 Porwal, H., Saggar, R., Tatark, P. et al.: Effect of lateral size of graphene nano-sheets on the mechanical properties and machinability of alumina nano-composite, Ceram. Int., 42, 7533 – 7542, (2016).
18 Niihara, K.: New design concept of structural ceramics-ceramic nanocomposites, J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn., 99, 974 – 982, (1991).
19 Borrell, A., Torrecillas, R., Rocha, V.G., Fernández, A.: Alumina-carbon nanofibers nanocomposites obtained by spark plasma sintering for proton exchange membrane, Fuel Cells, 12, 599 – 605, (2012).
20 Zholnin, A .G., Kovaleva, I.V., Yurlova, M.C., Ilina A.M. et al.: Uniaxial magnetic pulsed compaction of α-Al2O3 nano powders followed by conventional and spark-plasma sintering, Phys. Chem. Mat. Procs., 2, 73 – 79, (2015).
21 Kim, H.J. et al.: Unoxidized Graphene/Alumina Nanocomposite: Fracture- and wear-resistance effects of graphene on alumina matrix, Sci. Rep., 4, 5176, (2014).
22 Borrell, A., Torrecillas, R., Rocha, V.G., Fernández, A. et al.: Effect of CNFs content on the tribological behaviour of spark plasma sintering ceramic-CNFs composites, Wear, 274, 94 – 99, (2012).
23 Morgiel, J., Klimczyk, P., Major L. et al.: TEM investigations of wear mechanism of Al2O3 and Si3N4 compacts with GLPs additions, Ceram Int., 43, 8334 – 8342, (2017).
24 Cano-Crespo, R., Moshtaghioun, B.M., Gómez-García, D. et al.: High-temperature creep of carbon nanofiber-reinforced and graphene oxide-reinforced alumina composites sintered by spark plasma sintering, Ceram. Int., 43, 7136 – 7141, (2017).
25 Borrell, A., Torrecillas, R., Rocha, V.G., Fernández, A. et al.: Improvement of CNFs/ZrO2 composites properties with a zirconia nanocoating on carbon nanofibers by sol-gel method, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 94, 2048 – 2052, (2011).
26 Zhang, X., Xu, L., Du, S., Han, W., Han, J.: Crack-healing behavior of zirconium diboride composite reinforced with silicon carbide whiskers, Scripta Mater., 59, 1222 – 1225, (2008).
27 Zhao, J. et al.: Mechanical behavior of alumina-silicon carbide nanocomposites, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 76, 503 – 510, (1993).
28 Oliver, W.C. Pharr, G.M.: An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic-modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation experiments, J. Mater. Res., 7, 1564 – 1583, (1992).
29 Tumanov, A. T.: Methods of testing, monitoring and investigation of engineering materials T. II. Methods of study of the mechanical properties of metals, M.: Mashinostroenie, 320, (1974).
30 ASTM International: (2003) ASTM G99 – 03: Standard test method for wear testing with a pin-on-disc apparatus. ASTM annual book of standards. ASTM International: West Conshohocken
31 Lancaster, K.: The influence of substrate hardness on the formation and endurance of molybdenum disulphide films, Wear, 10, 103 – 107, (1967).
32 Childres, I., Jauregui, L.A., Park, W. et al.: New Developments in Photon and Materials Research: Chapter 19: Raman spectroscopy of graphene and related materials, (2013) ISBN: 978-1-62618-384-1
33 Xia, H., Zhang, X., Shi, Z., Zhao, C. et al.: Mechanical and thermal properties of reduced graphene oxide reinforced aluminum nitride ceramic composites, Mater. Sci. Eng., 639, 29 – 36, (2015).
34 Inam, F., Vo, T., Bhat, B.R.: Structural stability studies of graphene in sintered ceramic nanocomposites, Ceram. Int., 40, 16227 – 16233, (2014).
35 Benavente, R., Pruna, A., Borrell, A., Salvador M.D. et al.: Fast route to obtain Al2O3-based nanocomposites employing graphene oxide: Synthesis and sintering, Mater. Res. Bull., 64, 245 – 251, (2015).
36 Lucchese, M.M., Stavale, F., Ferreira, E.H.M. et al.: Quantifying ion-induced defects and raman relaxation length in graphene, Carbon, 48, 1592 – 1597, (2010).
37 Kovaleva, I., Zholnin, A., Grigoryev, E., Olevsky, E.: Magnetic pulse compaction and subsequent spark plasma sintering of nanostructured alumina, Proc. from Congress Machin. Technol. Mat. Varna, Bulgaria, (2015).
38 Wang, K. et al.: Preparation of graphene nanosheet/alumina composites by spark plasma sintering, Mater. Res. Bull., 46, 315 – 318, (2011).
39 Zholnin, A.G. Kovaleva, I.V., Yu, V., Rytenko, Pahilo-Daryal, I.O. et al.: Effect of particle size of alumina powder on spark-plasma sintering, Phys. Chem. Mat. Procs., 1, 53 – 63, (2016).
40 Karthiselva, N.S., Bakshi, S.R.: Carbon nanotube and in-situ titanium carbide reinforced titanium diboride matrix composites synthesized by reactive spark plasma sintering, Mater. Sci. Eng., 663, 38 – 48, (2016).
41 Stolyarov, V.V., Misochenko A.A. et al.: Structure and properties of Al2O3/Graphene nanocomposite processed by spark plasma sintering, IOP Conf. Series: Mater. Sci. Eng., 218, (2017).
42 Gutierrez-Gonzalez, C.F. Smirnov, A., Centeno, A. et al.: Wear behavior of graphene/alumina composite, Ceram. Int., 41, 7434 – 7438, (2015).
43 Denape, J.: Wear Debris Action in Sliding Friction of Ceramics. Tribology Series 21 (1992) 453 – 462
Copyright
Göller Verlag GmbH