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Tricalcium Phosphate Nanostructures Loaded with Bisphosphonate as Potential Anticancer Agents
M. Rahmanian1, S.M. Naghib2, A. Seyfoori1, A.A. Zare1,3, K. Majidzadeh-A1,4, L. Farahmand1,3
1 Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
2 Nanobioengineering Division, Nanotechnology Department, School of New Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), P.O. Box 16846 – 13114, Tehran, Iran.
3 Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institut, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
4 Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institut, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
received April 30, 2017, received in revised form June 25, 2017, accepted July 15, 2017
Vol. 8, No. 4, Pages 505-512 DOI: 10.4416/JCST2017-00029
Abstract
Nanostructured calcium phosphate carriers are emerging as a bisphosphonate delivery system that has demonstrated inhibitory effects in preventing bone metastasis, thereby improving the treatment of breast cancer. In this research, the inhibitory effect of loaded zoledronic acid (ZA) in tricalcium phosphate nanostructures (TCPNs) synthesized with the co-precipitation method was investigated. The results of microstructural analysis indicated that the sintering temperature has a slight influence on the synthesized crystallite size. The sintered crystallite size of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) at 800 °C (β-TCP) and 1450 °C (α-TCP) was calculated to be in the nanoscale range. The inhibitory effect of TCPNs (with different phases) on cancer cell lines including MCF-7 (breast cancer) and G-292 (osteosarcoma cancer) was investigated. In vitro results confirmed that the TCPNs were able to inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells. Experimental results of MCF-7 cell culture after two days proved that the growth of the cancer cells was inhibited by about 61 % and 83 % after treatment with β-TCP and α-TCP, respectively. Bisphosphonate-loaded TCPNs had no toxicity according to MTT assay results, but did have an inhibitory effect on MCF-7 cancer cells. The time dependence of ZA drug release from α and β-TCP and its effect on MCF-7 and G-292 cell treatment was investigated. The results suggested that TCPNs are promising materials that could be developed for treating local bone and breast cancers.
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Keywords
MCF-7, G-292, tricalcium phosphate, nanomedicine, inhibitory effect
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