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Effect of Laser Power on Yield of TiO2 Nanoparticles Synthesized by Pulsed Laser Ablation in Water
A. Singh1, J. Vihinen2, E. Frankberg1, L. Hyvärinen1, M. Honkanen1, E. Levänen1
1 Department of Materials Science, Tampere University of Technology, P. O. Box 589, FIN 33101 Tampere, Finland
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Systems, Tampere University of Technology, P. O. Box 589, FIN 33101 Tampere, Finland
received September 19, 2016, received in revised form November 15, 2016, accepted December 9, 2016
Vol. 8, No. 1, Pages 39-44 DOI: 10.4416/JCST2016-00071
Abstract
In this study, the pulsed laser ablation in liquids (PLAL) technique was used on titanium in deionized water at different laser powers to understand its effect on the synthesis yield of nanoparticles. A 500-ns 1062-nm fiber laser at 25 kHz was used to effect PLAL of titanium to produce nanoparticles. TEM images of the synthesized nanoparticles showed spherical particles ranging from 3 – 32 nm in diameter. The electron diffraction pattern and high peaks in the wide-angle x-ray scattering (WAXS) pattern indicated high crystallinity of nanoparticles. WAXS results showed nanoparticles were allotropes of titania: rutile and anatase. Synthesis yield measurements indicated an increase in yield with the increase in laser power as long as the increase in laser fluence remains proportional to the increase in laser power. However, the yield increased proportionally with the increase in laser fluence. The analysis of the chosen laser pulse duration and repetition rate showed an increase in the yield with longer pulse duration and higher repetition rate.
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Keywords
Nanoparticles, synthesis yield, pulsed laser ablation in liquids, WAXS, laser fluence
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