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Effect of Chemical Interaction on Texture Development in Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ using SrBi₄Ti₄O₁₅ and SrBi₈Ti₇O₂₇ Hetero-Templates

K. Onodera, T. Kimura

Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3 – 14 – 1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223 – 8522 Japan

received June 18, 2012, received in revised form July 27, 2012, accepted August 20, 2012

Vol. 3, No. 3, Pages 131-140   DOI: 10.4416/JCST2012-00022

Abstract

The hetero-templated grain growth method was applied to the development of texture in materials with the Aurivillius structure. When the template volume fraction was 0.20, the hetero-templated grain growth process developed texture in SrBi₄Ti₄O₁₅ (SBT) matrix grains based on plate-like Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ (BiT) template grains [the specimen is denoted as SBT/BiT(0.20)] but did not develop texture in BiT matrix grains based on plate-like SBT template grains [BiT/SBT(0.20)]. The origin of the lack of texture development in BiT/SBT(0.20) was examined from two points of view, namely, solid-state spreading and chemical reaction. Solid-state spreading is the main mechanism for texture development in some materials with the Aurivillius structure. At first, it was assumed that solid-state spreading was not operative in BiT/SBT(0.20), leading to the lack of texture development, but the occurrence of solid-state spreading was confirmed in both specimens. Therefore, this assumption was ruled out as a possible mechanism. Next, the possibility of a chemical reaction between SBT and BiT was examined and the formation of SrBi₈Ti₇O₂₇ (S_0.5BT) was confirmed. This means that the template grains changed from SBT to S_0.5BT in BiT/SBT(0.20). Therefore, texture development in the specimens with BiT matrix grains and plate-like S_0.5BT template grains (BiT/S_0.5BT) was examined, and it was found that an increase in the template volume fraction resulted in the suppression of texture development. SrTiO₃ in the template S_0.5BT grains dissolved in BiT matrix grains and suppressed the growth and morphological change of the matrix grains, resulting in the suppression of texture development. It is therefore concluded that the dissolution of a high concentration of SrTiO₃ in BiT matrix grains from template grains is the origin of the lack of texture development in BiT/SBT(0.20) and in BiT/S_0.5BT with a large amount of template grains.

Keywords

Texture development, microstructure development, templated grain growth, bismuth titanate, strontium bismuth titanate

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