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Er, Cr:YSGG and Nd:YAG Laser Surface Treatment of Lithium Disilicate Ceramics: SEM, EDX Analysis and Composite Bond Strength Evaluation

D.H.M. El Azzouni

Journal of Ceramic Science and Technology, Vol. 17, No. 2 (2026), pp. 151-158

DOI: 10.4416/JCST2025-00035

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Abstract

This study is an evaluation of the impact of pre-treatment regimes –  Hydrofluoric Acid (HFA), Neodymium-doped Yttrium-Aluminum Garnet (Nd:YAG), and Erbium, Chromium: Yttrium-Scandium-Gallium-Garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser – on the surface roughness (Ra), topography, and repair bond strength (RBS) of lithium disilicate ceramics (LDC) with micro-hybrid composite (MHC), having high-viscosity, and an injectable composite (IC) with low-viscosity. Ninety LDC disks were fabricated. The discs were divided into three groups according to surface pretreatment (n = 30 each). Group 1: HFA, Group 2: ErCr:YSGG, Group 3: Nd:YAG laser. To assess the Ra, five samples from each cohort were examined under a profilometer. Five samples from each surface treatment group were subjected to topographical evaluation by means of SEM. Twenty samples from each group were allocated into two groups determined by the viscosity of the resin composite. Low-viscosity IC(A) and high-viscosity MHC(B). A universal testing machine and a stereomicroscope were used to assess the RBS and failure modes. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey, (p 

Keywords

Hydrofluoric acid, micro-hybrid composite, injectable composite, lithium disilicate ceramics, surface topography

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