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Journal of Ceramic Science and Technology 2/2017
Vol. 8, No. 2 · June 2017
The Influence of Order in the Cation Sublattice of MgAl2O4, MgCr2O4 and MgFe2O4 Spinels on the Kinetics of Topochemical Reactions with Sulphur Oxides
A. Gerle, J. Piotrowski, J. Podwórny
Pages 183-192 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2016-00077
Spinel-containing materials are used as refractories for high-temperature unit linings. A crucial element of the conditions in which they are used is gaseous corrosion caused by sulphur oxides. The aim of the study was to investigate the kinetics of topochemical reactions between magnesia spinels and sulphur oxides and influence of inversion in the structure of the spinels on this reaction. Magnesia spinels: MgAl2O4, MgFe2O4, MgCr2O4 were used for the kinetic investigations. It was found that inversion in the case of MgAl2O4 begins at approx. 800 K, for MgFe2O4 at around 700 K while in the cas …
Sintering Behaviour of Mg(AlxFe1-x)2O4 Materials and their Corrosion in Na3AlF6-AlF3-K3AlF6 Electrolyte
Y.B. Xu, Y.W. Li, J.H. Yang, S.B. Sang, Q.W. Qin
Pages 193-200 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2016-00081
The development of new electrolysis technology in the aluminium industry calls for new sidewall materials since the frozen ledge would no longer exist. In the present paper, Mg(AlxFe1-x)2O4 materials were prepared and characterized, and corrosion tests in a Na3AlF6-AlF3-K3AlF6 bath were conducted. The results show that reaction sintering occurs in the MgAl2O4-MgO-Fe2O3 system in the range of 1000 to 1600 °C. Firstly, MgO reacts with Fe2O3 to produce MgFe2O4 phase at 1000 °C, which in turn reacts with MgAl2O4 to form Mg(AlxFe1-x)2O4 composite spinel at temperatures above 1200 °C. As a result, m …
Hydrogen insertion in Ti2AlC and its influence on the crystal structure and bonds
Q. Liu, H. M. Ding, B. Q. Du, K. Y. Chu, Y. Shi
Pages 201-208 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2016-00082
First-principles calculations have been performed to study hydrogen insertion in Ti2AlC and its influence on the crystal structure and bonds. It has been found that H insertion in interstitial sites of the Ti-Al layers is thermally favorable and H diffusion along the basal plane is feasible. When H is inserted into tetrahedral interstitial sites (Itetr-2) surrounded by three Ti atoms and one Al atom, the surrounding Ti-Al bonds will be substituted by H-Al and H-Ti bonds. When H is inserted into hexagonal interstitial sites (Ihexa-5) surrounded by three Al and two Ti atoms, the Ti-Al bonds will …
Sintering and Characterization of a Transparent Ferroelectric NaNbO3 Ceramic
X. Lin, Z.-F. Li, L.-F. Shu
Pages 209-212 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2016-00085
NaNbO3 transparent ceramics were prepared with a delicately controlled solid state reaction method. The structures and properties of the samples were determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), ferroelectric hysteresis loops and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The XRD results showed that the antiferroelectric Pbcm and ferroelectric R3c phases coexist in NaNbO3 ceramics. In SEM images, the NaNbO3 ceramics presented a compact microstructure with fewer pores among its grains, enhancing its light transmission and weakening its absorption and reflection, which was confirmed w …
Manufacture and Tribological Behavior of C/C-SiC Brake Composites Modified with Fe-Si Alloy
Y-H. Lu, Z. Li, Z. Li, W. Zhou, P. Xiao
Pages 213-222 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2016-00086
To obtain a stable coefficient of friction (COF) for C/C-SiC composites at high brake speed, simultaneous infiltration of molten Si and Fe alloy into needled C/C materials was developed for fabricating C/C-SiC composites. Consequently, the effect of Fe-Si alloy on the mechanical properties and tribological behavior of C/C-SiC composites was investigated in this work. The results showed that the C/C-SiC composites were composed of C, SiC, FeSi and FeSi2, respectively. Furthermore, the SiC and Fe-Si alloy were mainly distributed in short woven web cloth and among fiber bundles. C/C-SiC composite …
Mixed-Mode Fracture Criterion of Short Carbon Fiber-Dispersed SiC Matrix Composite
R. Inoue, J.-M. Yang, J.-M. Yang, H. Kakisawa, Y. Kagawa, Y. Kagawa
Pages 223-232 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2016-00108
Fracture toughness tests for short carbon fiber-dispersed SiC matrix (SCF/SiC) composites fabricated by means of the silicon melt infiltration (MI) process have been carried out under mode I, mode II and mixed I/II mode loading conditions. A Brazilian disk specimen was used for the mixed-mode fracture toughness test. The results showed that the fracture toughness under mixed I/II mixed-mode loading conditions was substantially higher than that under mode I loading. The relationship between mixed-mode fracture toughness and the mode mixity parameter was found to be in agreement with the general …
Mechanical Properties, Strengthening and Toughening Mechanisms of Reactive-Hot-Pressed TiB2-SiC-Ni Ceramic Composites
G. Zhao, C. Huang, N. He, H. Liu
Pages 233-242 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2016-00110
A TiB2-SiC-5 wt %Ni ceramic composite with high flexural strength and fracture toughness was fabricated in the reactive hot pressing (RHP) process. Different sintering times and sintering temperatures were employed. The strengthening and toughening mechanisms were investigated in detail. The composition and microstructure were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The sintering time and sintering temperature had a significant influence on the mechanical properties an …
High Permittivity and Dielectric Response of CaCu3Ti3.9(Y0.5Nb0.5)0.1O12 Ceramics
Y. Liu, X. Huang
Pages 243-248 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2016-00112
CaCu3Ti3.9(Y0.5Nb0.5)0.1O12 (CCTYNO) ceramics were prepared with the conventional solid-state method. Dielectric properties and electric responses at temperatures from - 80 to 200 °C were investigated in the frequency range of 100 – 1 MHz. A body-centered cubic structure was confirmed by means of X-ray diffraction. High dielectric permittivity (∼ 6000) and low dielectric loss (∼ 0.082) were observed at room temperature. Impedance spectroscopy measurements showed the resistance of the grain boundaries is higher by 2 – 3 orders of magnitude than that of the grains, indicating the different micro …
Response Surface Methodology for Optimization of the Synthesis of Lithium Ion Conductor Glass-Ceramic Electrolyte
H. Kun, Z. Chengkui, L. Baoying, W. Yanhang, H. Bin, C. Jiang
Pages 249-254 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2016-00113
In this work, response surface methodology (RSM) based on five-level, three-variable and central composite design (CCD) was used to optimize the synthesis of Li2O-Al2O3-GeO2-P2O5 glass-ceramic. The effects of three independent variables, i.e. crystallization temperature, crystallization time and heating rate on the conductivity of the glass-ceramic were analyzed. The optimum conditions were found to be at the crystallization temperature of 845 °C, crystallization time of 8 h and heating rate of 3.3 K/min. In the process optimization, the highest conductivity of the glass-ceramic reached 6.3×10 …
Particle Size Effect on the Electrical Properties of Spark-Plasma-Sintered Relaxor Potassium Sodium Niobate Ceramic
C. Wang, J. Chen, L. Shen, J. Rui, X. Yang, M. Zhu, Y. Hou
Pages 255-258 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2016-00116
30-nm-grain-sized potassium sodium niobate ((K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 (KNN)) powders were obtained with the sol-gel method. From these powders as starting materials, high-density KNN ceramics with a relative density of 98.9 % and grain size of 500 nm were prepared with the spark plasma sintering (SPS) method. The processing parameters were a sintering temperature of 900 °C, sintering pressure of 30 MPa and sintering time of 3 min. The phase composition, microstructure and electrical properties of the ceramics have been investigated. The results show that, unlike common micro-grained ceramics, submicron- …
Large-Scale Synthesis of α-Si3N4 Nanofibers and Nanobelts from Mesoporous Silica-Carbon Nanocomposites
K. Wang, H. Wang, Y.-B. Cheng
Pages 259-264 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2016-00118
This work presents a low-cost and large-scale synthesis technique for silicon nitride nanofibers and nanobelts based on the use of mesoporous silica-carbon nanocomposites as precursors via a carbothermal reduction and nitridation reaction. The growth mechanisms have been investigated by carrying out heat-treatment of precursors with different C/SiO2 ratios in a flowing nitrogen gas with different flow rates. Highly crystalline silicon nitride nanofibers and nanobelts were obtained after easy separation from the unreacted powder underneath. A higher C/SiO2 ratio gives a better yield of nitride …
Interface Design and Processing of Bioactive Microporous Calcium Phosphate Coatings on Load-Bearing Zirconia Substrate
R. Sultana, J. Yang, Z. Sun, X. Hu
Pages 265-276 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2017-00005
This study presents the design and processing of interlocked interfaces of graded bioactive calcium phosphate coatings on a load-bearing zirconia substrate. Such interfacial structures can effectively enhance bonding between the coating and substrate, and suppress the residual stress across the interfacial region. Multiple coating layers with graded interconnected micropore structures, and common phases across the layer boundary have been considered to minimize the likelihood of interfacial cracking/delamination. The Focused Ion Beam (FIB) technique was used to reveal microscopic details of th …
Influence of Material and Processing Parameters on the Surface Roughness of Injection-Molded Ceramic Parts
S. Greiner, K. Kurth, C. Fix, T. Braun, J. Franke, D. Drummer
Pages 277-286 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2017-00009
Ceramic parts were prepared by means of injection molding and a two-step debinding and sintering process. For four different alumina ceramic feedstocks, the influence of processing parameters like holding pressure, injection speed, melt and mold temperature on the surface roughness was studied. The surface roughness was measured in the direction of flow and perpendicular to it with a tactile cantilever measuring system. A gradient in the surface roughness is detected along the flow path, which ended in a relatively coarse surface section. Smoother and more even surface structures can be genera …
Relationship of Preparation Parameters and Chromatic Properties of Zircon-Encapsulated Carbon Black Ceramic Pigment Prepared with a Sol-Gel-Spraying Method
Q. Wang, Q. Chang, K. Yang, Y. Wang, X. Wang, X. Li, J.-E. Zhou
Pages 287-294 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2017-00013
Zircon-encapsulated carbon black is prepared as a black ceramic pigment by means of the sol-gel-spraying method. It is proposed that the dense zircon coating around the pigment is formed as a result of the fast transformation from sol into gel caused by the rapid extraction of solvent. To realize this, the preparation conditions are optimized as follows: the spray-drying temperature is 600 °C, the concentration of the ZrO2 sol is 0.8 mol/L, the mass ratio of the ethanol/water is 1:1, the mole ratio of the Si/Zr is 1.5 and the calcining conditions are 1250 °C with a holding time of 30 min. With …
A Kinetic Study of Limestone Dry Micronization in an Ultra-Centrifugal Mill with Peripheral Comminuting Path
D. Radulović, D. Božović, A. Terzić, M. S. Trumić, V. Simić, L. Andrić
Pages 295-304 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2017-00022
Because of its physico-mechanical and physico-chemical characteristics, fine-ground (i.e. micronized) limestone is widely applied in the production of new materials. Limestone can be used as a filler, coating and/or powder in ceramic composites. The effect of its fine micronization depends on the type of equipment used and on the disintegration process. In this study, the emphasis was placed on investigation of the kinetics of the dry micronization milling of limestone in a state-of-the-art ultra-centrifugal mill with a peripheral comminuting path. The efficiency of the ultra-centrifugal mill …
Corrigendum to “Relationship of Optical Properties and Elastoplastic Characteristics of Transparent Spark-Plasma-Sintered YSZ Ceramics” [J. Ceram. Sci. Technol. 08 [01] 161-168 (2017)]
O. L. Khasanov, E. S. Dvilis, Z. G. Bikbaeva, V. D. Paygin, A. O. Khasanov
Pages 305-306 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2016-00105-CORR
DOI of the original article: 10.4416/JCST2016-000105
The autors regret that in the original published version of this article the acknowledgments part was missing. The missing part appears below:
