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Journal of Ceramic Science and Technology 1/2016
Vol. 7, No. 1 · March 2016
Practical Colloidal Processing of Multication Ceramics
N.S. Bell, T.C. Monson, C. DiAntonio, Y. Wu
Pages 1-28 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2015-00025
The use of colloidal processing principles in the formation of ceramic materials is well appreciated for developing homogeneous material properties in sintered products, enabling novel forming techniques for porous ceramics or 3D printing, and controlling microstructure to enable optimized material properties. The solution processing of electronic ceramic materials often involves multiple cationic elements or dopants to affect microstructure and properties. Material stability must be considered through the steps of colloidal processing to optimize desired component properties. This review prov …
Optimization of Nanoparticulate Indium Tin Oxide Slurries for the Manufacture of Ultra-Thin Indium Tin Oxide Coatings with the Slot-Die Coating Process
M. Wegener, K. Riess, A. Roosen
Pages 29-38 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2015-00026
This paper deals with the optimization of colloidal processing to achieve suitable nanoparticulate indium tin oxide (ITO) slurries for the production of sub-µm-thin ITO coatings with the slot die coating process. For application in printed electronics these ITO coatings, which are composite films consisting of nanoparticulate ITO and a polymeric binder, should offer high flexibility, transparency and electrical conductivity. To preserve their flexibility, the composite films are not subject to any heat treatment, instead they are used as deposited and dried. To achieve very good transparency a …
Synthesis and Dielectric Properties of Thin-Layered (La,Nd)TiO2N Perovskites
J. Ahchawarattaworn, D.P. Thompson, F. Azough, R. Freer
Pages 39-46 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2015-00022
Dielectric measurements made on thin layers of oxynitride of composition (La,Nd)TiO2N deposited on substrates of the equivalent pure oxides gave high and variables values for the relative permittivity, and very high values of dielectric loss, showing that the samples were significantly conducting. This is believed to be due to reduction taking place during the nitridation step, the use of ammonia (by far the most convenient and effective nitriding agent for this purpose) resulting in the simultaneous production of active atomic hydrogen which easily diffuses through both the surface oxide and …
The crystal structure of a new phase plays an important role in understanding its properties. The structure, elastic and electronic properties of Ti5Al2C3 are studied based on first-principles calculations. The simulated lattice parameter and internal coordinates are found to be in good agreement with the experimental values. It is shown that this new phase is mechanically stable. The elastic properties are estimated from the individual elastic constants with the help of Hill's approximation. The bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, theoretical density and Debye tempe …
F. Knies, F. Knies, K. Schrantz, K. Schrantz, C. Aneziris, L. Gauckler, T. Graule, T. Graule
Pages 53-64 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2015-00024
Based on industrial ZrSiO4 glazes for sanitaryware, a new glaze with photoactive oxides was developed. The development aimed to produce a glaze that is smooth in order to decrease contamination of the ware and increase superhydrophilic wetting behaviour for easier cleanability. The glazes were characterized with profilometry, atomic force microscopy, x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. For reactivity under UV light, the wetting angles in the dark and after irradiation, as well as the degradation of methylene blue were measured. Samples with TiO2 showed no improvement in wetting …
Synthesis and in vitro Bioactivity Mechanism of Synthetic α-wollastonite and β-wollastonite Bioceramics
R. Morsy, R. Abuelkhair, T. Elnimr
Pages 65-70 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2015-00028
Synthetic wollastonite ceramics have received great attention as promising bioceramics for enhancing the properties of bone substitutes. However, uncertainty remains about the differences in bioactivity between its phases, that is and , and about the mechanism for inducing bone-like hydroxyapatite (b-HAp). In the present study, and ceramics were prepared with the co-precipitation method. For the in vitro bioactivity test, and powders were soaked in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution for 1, 2, 3, 4, 10 days. Synthetic , and induced b-HAp particles were characterized by means of XRD, FT-I …
Influence of the Chemical Composition of Ceramic Frits on the Kinetics of their Dissolution Process
A. Barba, J.C. Jarque, M. Orduña, M.F. Gazulla
Pages 71-78 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2015-00034
A study aboutof the influence of the chemical composition of frits ion the kinetics of their dissolution process has been performed, in order to haveobtain an more extensive knowledge about the solubility of different types of frits and to predict their behavior regarding to thewith regard to their dissolution process. The study has been conducted withusing four frits of the most usedfour of the frits most commonly used in the preparation of ceramic glazes: a zirconium white frit, a lead-containing boracic crystalline frit, a crystalline frit containing calcium and zinc and a sodium-containing …
Synthesis, Microstructure and Dielectric Properties of (Sr,Bi)TiO3 Borosilicate Glass-Ceramics
C.R. Gautam, C.R. Gautam, C.W. Manpoong, S.S. Gautam, A.K. Singh, A. Madheshiya, M. Tamuk
Pages 79-86 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2015-00035
Strontium bismuth titanate glass compositions were prepared with the conventional melt quench method in the glass system 60[(Sr1-xBix)·TiO3]-39[2SiO2B2O3]-1[CeO2]. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analyses of the glass samples confirmed their amorphous nature. Scanning electron microscopy and contact angle measurements were performed to study the surface morphology of the major phase crystallites. The addition of CeO2 resulted in development of well-interconnected crystallites formed as major phase of perovskite strontium titanate. The dielectric constant (εr) and dissipa …
Processing of All-Oxide Ceramic Matrix Composites with RBAO Matrices
P.O. Guglielmi, D.E. García, M.P. Hablitzel, D. Blaese, D.P. Goulart, A. Borchert, D. Hotza, R. Janssen
Pages 87-96 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2015-00038
A methodology to produce full-scale, all-oxide composites with porous reaction-bonded aluminum oxide (RBAO) matrices is presented. Composites are produced by a two-step impregnation route, in which alumina fiber fabrics are first infiltrated with an ethanol-based slurry of the RBAO particles and then laminated between layers of an RBAO-loaded paraffin-based suspension to produce thermoplastic prepregs. The composition of the RBAO precursor powders is tailored for each of these suspensions, so that low-to-zero shrinkage is achieved during sintering and all-oxide composites with a reduced amount …
Influence of Titanium Silicide Active Filler on the Microstructure Evolution of Borosiloxane-Derived Si-B-O-C ceramics
V. Vijay, S. Bhuvaneswari, V. M. Biju, R. Devasia
Pages 97-106 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2015-00040
Interactions between a typical polyborosiloxane containing methyl and vinyl functionalities, (BoSiVi) and active filler (TiSi2) at 1500 °C under inert atmosphere were studied. The effects of filler content on the volume shrinkage, porosity, phase evolution and microstructure of the resulting ceramic were studied in detail. The optimum concentration of the active filler to fabricate Si-B-Ti-O-C ceramic with zero volume shrinkage was calculated. Pore size distribution uniformity in the resulting ceramic was increased with the incorporation of the filler into the polymer. XRD and Raman analyses c …
Synthesis and Characterization of a Boron-Containing Precursor for ZrB2 Ceramic
X. Y. Tao, Z. Xiang, S. Zhou, Y. Zhu, W. Qiu, T. Zhao
Pages 107-112 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2015-00041
A precursor for ZrB2 ceramic was successfully synthesized in a chemical reaction between polyzirconoxanesal (PZS) and boric acid. The molecular structure of the precursor, thermal properties and the pyrolysis behavior of the precursor were investigated. The results showed that the as-synthesized precursor was a polymer based on Zr-O-C-B bonds. The precursor was stable in air atmosphere and soluble in common organic solvents. The ceramic yield of the precursor at 1200 °C was around 65.5 % under N2 atmosphere. The derived ceramics obtained at 1200 °C were composed of B2O3, ZrO2 and carbon. When …
Effects of In-Situ-Formed 9Al2O3·2B2O3 on the Corrosion Resistance of Al2O3-Based Porous Ceramic in Molten Aluminum
R. Xiang, Y. Li, D. Xiang, N. Li, S. Li, Y. Li, S. Sang
Pages 113-118 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2015-00037
White fused alumina (WFA), α-Al2O3 powder, aluminum hydroxide powder and pseudoboehmite powder (PB) are each mixed with boric acid according to the stoichiometric ratio of 9Al2O3·2B2O3 in order to study the formation process. For the corrosion experiment, Al2O3-based porous ceramic with and without the addition of boric acid is prepared and soaked in molten aluminum for 48 h at 870 °C. The results show that the synthesis temperature of 9Al2O3·2B2O3 is 1000 °C, except for the mixture of PB and boric acid for which the synthesis temperature is 900 °C. The corrosion resistance of the samples with …
Influence of Sintering Conditions on the Microstructure and Properties of Alumina-Filled Borosilicate Glass
P.F. Araújo, L.B. Daros, M. Souza, D.E. García, D. Hotza, D. Hotza
Pages 119-126 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2015-00048
Alumina-filled borosilicate glass composites (1-x) glass + xAl2O3 (x = 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 vol%) were fabricated by means of conventional sintering at 800 and 850 °C and fast firing at temperatures between 850 and 950 °C. The effect of particle size, heating rate and holding time at maximum temperature on phase composition and densification was investigated. The effect of Al2O3 addition on microstructure, flexural strength, fracture toughness, electrical conductivity, and thermal expansion coefficient is reported. Al2O3 hinders the formation of cristobalite and enhances the mechanical properties …
The Influence of Al and Si Additives on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Low-Carbon MgO-C Refractories
T.B. Zhu, Y.W. Li, S.B. Sang, S.L. Jin
Pages 127-134 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2015-00055
The mechanical properties of low-carbon MgO-C refractories strongly depend on the formation of ceramic phases (e.g. their amounts, distribution and morphologies) in the matrix. In the present work, the influence of Al and Si additives on the phase composition, microstructure and mechanical properties of low-carbon MgO-C refractories (1 wt% flaky graphite) was investigated by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, three-point bending and thermal shock tests. The results showed that Al4C3 whiskers and MgAl2O4 particles formed i …
Influence of Phase Separation on Thermal Conductivity of Ti1-xSnxO2 Ceramics
K. Rubenis, J. Locs, J. Mironova, R. Merijs-Meri
Pages 135-138 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2015-00061
Many technologically important ceramic materials are made of more than one component. If components are isostructural they can form a stable or a metastable solid solution that can undergo phase separation below a critical temperature, which can significantly affect different properties of the material. In this work, we investigated the effect of phase separation on thermal conductivity at room temperature of Ti1-xSnxO2 ceramic with different Ti/Sn ratios. The samples were sintered at 1500 °C and afterwards annealed at 1100 °C for 48 h in order to induce phase separation. It was observed that …
Magnetic Phase Transitions in Macro/Mesoporous Bioactive Glass by Ferric Nitrate Addition in Sol-Gel Synthesis
T. Charoensuk, C. Sirisathitkul, W. Tangwatanakul, S. Pinitsoontorn, U. Boonyang
Pages 139-144 · DOI: 10.4416/JCST2015-00065
Multifunctional macro/mesoporous bioactive glasses (MMBG) with magnetic sensitivity are prepared by adding ferric nitrate in a one-pot sol-gel synthesis. Three different magnetic properties are obtained depending on the synthesis composition and calcination atmosphere. The gradual transition from paramagnetism to superparamagnetism is observed when ferric nitrate is increased from 5 up to 20 mol%. In contrast to minimal paramagnetic response to an applied magnetic field, substantial magnetizations are induced in superparamagnetic MMBG owing to the formation of iron oxide nanoparticles, which i …
