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Effect of Pre-Treatment Techniques Nd: YLF laser, Nano-HAp Particles on Surface Roughness and Repair Bond Strength of Different-Viscosity Composite Bonded to Hybrid Ceramics
Abdullah Aljamhan, Fahad Alkhudhairy
Restorative Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
received May 12, 2025, received in revised form June 5, 2025, accepted June 18, 2025
Vol. 16, No. 4, Pages 263-268 DOI: 10.4416/JCST2025-00014
Abstract
Evaluating the effect of airborne particle abrasion (APA), Nd: YLF laser, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (Nano-HAp) on surface roughness (Ra), topography, and repair bond strength (RBS) of different-viscosity composites bonded to hybrid ceramic (HBC). 78 CAD/CAM HBC discs were prepared and divided into three groups based on surface treatment (n = 26). Group 1: APA, Group 2: Nd: YLF laser, and Group 3: Nano-HAp coating. A surface profilometer measured the Ra scores (n = 5 each). SEM was used for surface topography (n = 1 each). On the remaining samples, an adhesive was applied and cured. Twenty samples from each group were further categorized into two subgroups based on the composite viscosity. Bond strength and failure mode were assessed. A one-way ANOVA and a Tukey test were conducted to identify significant differences among groups. The highest mean Ra score was exhibited by Group 2 (Nano-HAp). Group 3 (Nd:YLF laser)-conditioned samples demonstrated the lowest Ra. Maximum RBS values were observed for Group 2B (Nano-HAp+Injectable). The minimum bond strength was noted for Nd: YLF laser+Microhybrid. Lower-viscosity composite displayed better performance than conventional composite. The most successful method for surface preparation of HBC involves pretreating with Nano-HAp coating. The use of a low-viscosity injectable composite as the repair material results in enhanced bond strength.
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Keywords
Hydroxyapatite, hybrid ceramic, roughness, bond strength, scanning electron microscopy
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