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Repair Bond Strength and Surface Roughness of Zirconia Ceramics Treated via Carbon Dioxide Laser, Malachite Green, and Sandblasting. A Lab-Based Study
Eman M Alhamdan
Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O.Box 21069, Riyadh 11475, Saudi Arabia.
received December 17, 2024, received in revised form January 25, 2025, accepted Febuary 5, 2025
Vol. 16, No. 2, Pages 85-92 DOI: 10.4416/JCST2024-00034
Abstract
AIM Contemporary surface conditioners (carbon dioxide (CO2) laser at different power outputs and malachite green (MG) activated by low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the surface roughness (Ra) and repair bond strength (RBS) of zirconia bonded to composite MATERIALS AND METHODS 104 discs were prepared from pre-sintered zirconia ceramic. The allocation of the samples was based on the surface conditioner: Group 1 (SB), Group 2 (CO2 laser-3 W), Group 3 (CO2 laser-4 W), and Group 4 (MG-LLLT). Ra analysis and surface topography were assessed using a profilometer and SEM. A ceramic repair kit and composite were applied as restorative materials on 20 samples from each cohort, which were allocated to two subgroups: A (without thermal aging) and B (with thermal aging). RBS and failure mode were assessed using a universal testing machine and stereomicroscope. Intergroup comparisons were performed using ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test (p < 0.05). RESULTS Group 3 (CO2 laser-4 W) revealed the highest Ra and strongest RBS at baseline and after thermal aging, whereas Group 4 (LLLT (MG) demonstrated lower Ra and weakest bond at baseline and even after thermal aging. CONCLUSION A CO2 laser at a power output of 4 can be used as a suitable alternative to sandblasting for repairing zirconia ceramics with composites.
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Keywords
Carbon dioxide laser, low-level laser therapy, surface roughness, repair bond strength, sandblasting.
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