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Low-Temperature Degradation Behaviour and Mechanical Properties of a 3Y-TZP Manufactured from Detonation-Synthesized Powder
F. Kern, V. Lindner, R. Gadow
University of Stuttgart, IFKB
received May 12, 2016, received in revised form July 15, 2016, accepted August 18, 2016
Vol. 7, No. 4, Pages 313-322 DOI: 10.4416/JCST2016-00036
Abstract
In recent years, yttria-stabilized zirconia Y-TZP has attracted considerable interest in the field of dental restoration. However, the state-of-the-art Y-TZP materials made from coprecipitated powders only just comply with the current standard in terms of fracture resistance and grain size. In this study a new nanoscale starting powder produced with detonation synthesis was applied to produce a fully dense specimen by means of hot pressing in the sintering temperature range between 1250 – 1500 °C. Mechanical properties, microstructure and phase composition were studied. Low-temperature degradation behavior was quantified in an accelerated ageing test in a saturated water vapor at 134 °C. Between sintering temperatures of 1300 °C and1400 °C, the materials obtained show a combination of high strength > 1400 MPa, toughness of 6 MPa√m and fine grain size < 320 nm and thus fulfill the requirements of the dental standard EN ISO 6872. Ageing resistance was high. After nucleation of the monoclinic content, the materials exhibited zero-order growth kinetics and retained > 90 % tetragonal phase up to ageing times of 10 h ≈ 35 years in vivo.
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Keywords
Zirconia, mechanical properties, phase composition, microstructure, low-temperature degradation
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