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Magnetic Phase Transitions in Macro/Mesoporous Bioactive Glass by Ferric Nitrate Addition in Sol-Gel Synthesis
T. Charoensuk1, C. Sirisathitkul1, W. Tangwatanakul2, S. Pinitsoontorn3, U. Boonyang1
1 Molecular Technology Research Unit, School of Science, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat (Thailand)
2 Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University, Nakhon Si Thammarat (Thailand)
3 Integrated Nanotechnology Research Center, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen (Thailand)
received September 28, 2015, received in revised form November 21, 2015, accepted January 7, 2016
Vol. 7, No. 1, Pages 139-144 DOI: 10.4416/JCST2015-00065
Abstract
Multifunctional macro/mesoporous bioactive glasses (MMBG) with magnetic sensitivity are prepared by adding ferric nitrate in a one-pot sol-gel synthesis. Three different magnetic properties are obtained depending on the synthesis composition and calcination atmosphere. The gradual transition from paramagnetism to superparamagnetism is observed when ferric nitrate is increased from 5 up to 20 mol%. In contrast to minimal paramagnetic response to an applied magnetic field, substantial magnetizations are induced in superparamagnetic MMBG owing to the formation of iron oxide nanoparticles, which is signified by the change in color after calcination. The transition from superparamagnetism to ferromagnetism occurs when the MMBG are calcined in an argon instead of an oxygen atmosphere. This ferromagnetic hysteresis coincides with the formation of Fe-rich spheres with diameters larger than 100 nm.
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Keywords
Bioactive glass, mesopore, macropore, sol-gel method, magnetic properties
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