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Preparation of Ceramic Nanoparticles by CO2 Laser Vaporization
H.-D. Kurland, J. Grabow, Chr. Stötzel, F.A. Müller
Otto-Schott-Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany
received June 30, 2014, received in revised form August 27, 2014, accepted September 25, 2014
Vol. 5, No. 4, Pages 275-280 DOI: 10.4416/JCST2014-00025
Abstract
Functional ceramic nanopowders are prepared by means of CO2 laser vaporization (LAVA) starting from coarse ceramic powders. The vaporization proceeds in a continuously flowing process gas at normal pressure. The nanoparticles (NP) are formed as a result of rapid gas phase condensation. Selected LAVA nanopowders are presented as promising candidates for future applications, e.g. drug targeting and magnetic resonance imaging, load-bearing ceramic implants, and biological fluorescence labeling, respectively. Starting from a hematite raw powder, ferrimagnetic Fe2O3 nanopowders are prepared. It is found that in an oxygen-free process gas maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) NP are formed. Applying oxygen as process gas leads to the formation of γ- and ε- Fe2O3 NP. Superparamagnetic composite NP are prepared from mixtures of hematite raw powder and quartz sand (SiO2). NP comprising an intraparticular dispersion of alumina and tetragonal zirconia (t-ZrO2) are obtained by means of the vaporization of a powder mixture of corundum (α-Al2O3) as the main component and t-ZrO2. Europium-doped strontium aluminate (SrAl2O4) NP are prepared from a mixture of strontia (SrO), corundum, and Eu2O3. The as-prepared amorphous NP reveal a red photoluminescence emission under excitation with ultraviolet radiation. Annealing in a reductive atmosphere yields a crystalline Eu2+:SrAl2O4 nanopowder that shows an intense green emission.
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Keywords
Laser vaporization, ceramic nanoparticles, photoluminescence, Al2O3-ZrO2, magnetic nanoparticles
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