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PEG-Assisted Synthesis of Manganese Oxide Nanorods and Their Application as Electrode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries
P. Ragupathy1, J. Sundaramurthy2, P. Suresh Kumar2, V. Thavasi2, S. Ramakrishna2
1 Fuel Cell Section, Electrochemical Power Systems Division, Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630 006, India
2 NUS Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576
received March 17, 2013, received in revised form July 3, 2013, accepted September 4, 2013
Vol. 4, No. 3, Pages 157-162 DOI: 10.4416/JCST2013-00007
Abstract
In this work, we report on large-scale synthesis of α-MnO2 nanorods by the polyol route based on a simple redox reaction using an organic reducing agents potassium permanganate (KMnO4) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). The as-synthesized amorphous MnO2 is converted into crystalline form on annealing at temperature of 600 °C. The formation of MnO2 nanorod-like morphology is confirmed with scanning electron microscopy complemented with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The nanorods measure about 50 – 200 nm in length and 50 nm in diameter. The electrochemical lithium intercalation and de-intercalation of nanorods are performed by means of galvanostatic charge-discharge cycling. The initial discharge capacity of nanorod α-MnO2 is found to be about 214 mAh/g-1 with reasonably good rate capability.
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Keywords
Manganese oxide, nanorods, lithium-ion batteries
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